A lepto-hadronic multi-zone framework for AGN jets

Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) and their relativistic jets that emit radiation covering almost the entire electromagnetic spectrum have been few of the most fascinating subjects in astronomy for decades, yet the composition of these relativistic jets is still not clearly known. The origin of the high energy peak in the Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) of blazars has been an open question in astronomy. Different models for the jet composition have been proposed in order to explain the high energy peak observed in the blazar SEDs, starting from the leptonic models, hadronic models to the lepto-hadronic model which combines both. The detection of high energy neutrinos with a significance of 3.5 sigma from blazar TXS 0506+056 by IceCube Neutrino Observatory has reinvigorated the support and curiosity for the hadronic and lepto-hadronic models for AGN jets as unlike the leptonic scenarios, these models produce neutrino emission. While there exist numerical codes for single-zone lepto-hadronic scenarios, the availability of comprehensive multi-zone codes is limited. To tackle this notable gap in the field of lepto-hadronic modeling, particularly in the context of AGN jets, we have developed a numerical multi-zone framework of the lepto-hadronic model for AGN jets building upon the foundation of an existing single zone code called Katu. In this presentation, I shall describe our recent progress on integrating the multi-zone framework with the PLUTO code. This framework serves as a bridge between the jet dynamics and the microphysics of the AGN jets. We have applied this multi-zone framework to model the multi-wavelength and neutrino emissions arising from the jet which has provided us with valuable insights on how the complex interplay between the jet dynamics, particle acceleration mechanisms and jet composition effects the subsequent multi-messenger emissions from the jet.